Issuer: BARON INVESTMENT FUNDS TRUST (F/K/A BARON ASSET FUND) CIK: 810902 Series Name: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND Trading Symbol: BIOIX
Website: http://www.baronfunds.com/ Manager: Michael Lippert Morningstar Risk: High Morningstar Rating: ★★★★★
Net Assets (All Classes): 999.37 Mil

Net assets drawn from the latest Form N-Q period report. Pie chart illustrates the quantile value of net assets in the US ETF market

Annual Return (%)

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Contract Name Trading Symbol Inception Date Previous Close NAV a 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017
BIOPX 2000-02-29 38.25(H:38.25/L:38.25)
(2024-05-02)
- 49.55 -42.95 12.01 88.75 40.29 8.05 40.51
INSTITUTIONAL BIOIX 2009-05-29 40.15(H:40.15/L:40.15)
(2024-05-01)
- 89.28 40.6 8.35 40.88
R6 BIOUX 2016-08-31 40.81(H:40.81/L:40.81)
(2024-05-02)
- 89.34 40.63 8.34 40.95

a As of market close on last Friday. Data last updated 2024-04-27 01:01:29 -0500 US CDT
Pie chart illustrates the quantile value of annual return in the US ETF market in corresponding year (or previous year if less than 2000 data points are available for analysis).


Average Return (%)

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Contract Name Trading Symbol Inception Date Metadata SINCE_INCEPTION 10 05 01
INDEX REFERENCES Russell 3000 Growth Index 6.75 14.33 18.85 41.21
S&P 500 Index (Reflects No Deduction For Fees, Expenses Or Taxes) 7.4 12.03 15.69 26.29
BIOPX 2000-02-29 After Taxes On Distributions 8.08 11.87 18.94 49.55
After Taxes On Distributions And Sales Of Shares 7.44 10.75 16.39 29.34
Raw Return 8.97 13.78 20.4 49.55
INSTITUTIONAL BIOIX 2009-05-29 Raw Return 9.14 14.08 20.71 49.98
R6 BIOUX 2016-08-31 Raw Return 9.15 14.09 20.71 49.96

Expense Ratio (%)

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Contract Name Trading Symbol Inception Date Expense Type a 2023-09-30 2022-09-30 2021-09-30 2020-09-30 2019-09-30 2018-09-30 2017-09-30 2016-09-30 2016-03-31 2015-09-30
BIOPX 2000-02-29 Expense Over Assets 1.32 1.31 1.31 1.34 1.34 1.37 1.41 1.41 1.38 1.38
Management Fee Over Assets 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Other Expenses Over Assets 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.16 0.13 0.13
Distribution & Service Fee 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
INSTITUTIONAL BIOIX 2009-05-29 Expense Over Assets 1.06 1.05 1.05 1.08 1.09 1.11 1.14 1.13 1.1 1.1
Management Fee Over Assets 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Other Expenses Over Assets 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.13 0.1 0.1
Distribution & Service Fee 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
R6 BIOUX 2016-08-31 Expense Over Assets 1.07 1.05 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.12 1.12 1.09
Management Fee Over Assets 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Other Expenses Over Assets 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.09
Distribution & Service Fee 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

a MSCOP: Maximum sales charge on purchase over offering price
MDSC: Maximum deferred sales charge
Expense = Management fee + Acquired fund fees and expenses + Distribution and service fee + Other expenses
Net expense = Expense - Fee Waiver or Reimbursement
Pie chart illustrates the quantile value of EOA in the US ETF market in corresponding year (or previous year if less than 2000 data points are available for analysis).


Portfolio Turnover Rate (%)

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Class 2023-09-30 2022-09-30 2021-09-30 2020-09-30 2019-09-30 2018-09-30 2017-09-30 2016-09-30 2016-03-31 2015-09-30
All Classes 23.29 30.75 38.74 42.52 37.1 23.97 32.62 32.38 41.87 41.87

Pie chart illustrates the quantile value of PTR in the US ETF market in corresponding year (or previous year if less than 2000 data points are available for analysis).


Expense Example (per $10,000)

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Contract Name Trading Symbol Inception Date Redemption 1 3 5 10
BIOPX 2000-02-29 YES 134 418 723 1590
INSTITUTIONAL BIOIX 2009-05-29 YES 108 337 585 1294
R6 BIOUX 2016-08-31 YES 109 340 590 1306

Portfolio

Series: BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND

Filings History

Filing Date Reporting Period Original Filing
2023-12-01 2023-09-30 original filing
2023-05-25 2023-03-31 original filing
2022-12-02 2022-09-30 original filing

Data shown are period reports for recent two years of the ETF issuer

Portfolio Structure (Period: 2023-09-30)

Values shown in million U.S. dollars unless otherwise specified

Main Category Position Cost Proceeds Value Pct.a Gain/Loss Lv.1 Categorya Lv.2 Category Pct.a Amount
Common Stocks Long 509.98 - 949.32 94.99

439.34

   Communication Services (10.69%) Advertising 1.7 17.0
Interactive Home Entertainment 1.13 11.3
Interactive Media & Services 6.85 68.5
Movies & Entertainment 1.01 10.1
   Consumer Discretionary (15.05%) Automobile Manufacturers 8.07 80.6
Automotive Parts & Equipment 0.8 8.0
Broadline Retail 6.18 61.8
   Financials (5.58%) Transaction & Payment Processing Services 5.58 55.8
   Health Care (10.1%) Biotechnology 5.74 57.4
Health Care Equipment 3.42 34.2
Life Sciences Tools & Services 0.94 9.4
   Industrials (1.52%) Human Resource & Employment Services 1.52 15.2
   Information Technology (48.21%) Application Software 8.45 84.4
Internet Services & Infrastructure 1.11 11.1
It Consulting & Other Services 4.04 40.4
Semiconductor Materials & Equipment 1.25 12.5
Semiconductors 14.36 143.5
Systems Software 19.0 189.9
   Real Estate (3.84%) Data Center Reits 0.98 9.8
Real Estate Services 2.86 28.6
Private Common Stocks Long 13.5 - 14.38 1.44

0.878

   Communication Services (0.37%) Interactive Media & Services 0.37 3.7
   Industrials (1.03%) Aerospace & Defense 1.02 10.2
Passenger Ground Transportation 0.01 0.1
   Materials (0.04%) Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals 0.04 0.4
Private Convertible Preferred Stocks Long 5.47 - 2.77 0.28

-2.704

   Materials (0.28%) Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals 0.28 2.8
Private Preferred Stocks Long 12.03 - 19.94 1.99

7.902

   Industrials (1.99%) Aerospace & Defense 1.39 13.9
Passenger Ground Transportation 0.6 6.0
Short Term Investments Long - - - - Short Term Investments 0.8 8.0
Total Investments - 548.97 - 994.39 99.5

445.415

Net Assets - - - 999.37

a Percentage of net assets. Pie chart illustrates corresponding percentage.
Data parsed from Form N-Q / N-CSR and corresponding amendments, and should be used for reference only. For more details please check original filing

Portfolio Securities (Period: 2023-09-30)

ID Lv.1/Lv.2 Category Security Name Value(Million USD) Shares Principlea Para
1 Information Technology/Systems Software Microsoft Corporation 135.27 428400
2 Information Technology/Semiconductors Nvidia Corp. 85.48 196500
3 Consumer Discretionary/Automobile Manufacturers Tesla, Inc. 65.16 260400
4 Consumer Discretionary/Broadline Retail Amazon.Com, Inc. 61.72 485500
5 Communication Services/Interactive Media & Services Meta Platforms, Inc., Cl A 32.64 108700
6 Health Care/Biotechnology Argenx Se, Adr 31.83 64739
7 Financials/Transaction & Payment Processing Services Visa, Inc., Cl A 29.29 127300
8 Information Technology/Application Software Servicenow, Inc. 29.07 52000
9 Information Technology/It Consulting & Other Services Gartner, Inc. 29.07 84587
10 Real Estate/Real Estate Services Costar Group, Inc. 28.63 372330
11 Financials/Transaction & Payment Processing Services Mastercard, Incorporated, Cl A 26.53 67000
12 Communication Services/Interactive Media & Services Alphabet, Inc., Cl C 25.69 194800
13 Information Technology/Semiconductors Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 19.64 191000
14 Information Technology/Application Software Workday, Inc., Cl A 19.02 88500
15 Information Technology/Systems Software Crowdstrike Holdings, Inc., Cl A 18.44 110123
16 Communication Services/Advertising The Trade Desk, Inc., Cl A 17.0 217510
17 Health Care/Biotechnology Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 16.38 799270
18 Health Care/Health Care Equipment Intuitive Surgical, Inc. 15.94 54505
19 Information Technology/Application Software Guidewire Software, Inc. 15.76 175100
20 Consumer Discretionary/Automobile Manufacturers Rivian Automotive, Inc., Cl A 15.52 639183
21 Information Technology/Semiconductors Indie Semiconductor, Inc., Cl A 15.27 2422600
22 Industrials/Human Resource & Employment Services Ceridian Hcm Holding, Inc. 15.14 223070
23 Industrials/Aerospace & Defense Space Exploration Technologies Corp., Series N 13.87 18519
24 Information Technology/Semiconductor Materials & Equipment Asml Holding N.V. 12.54 21300
25 Information Technology/Semiconductors Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. 12.11 26200
26 Communication Services/Interactive Home Entertainment Take Two Interactive Software, Inc. 11.33 80700
27 Information Technology/It Consulting & Other Services Endava Plc, Adr 11.32 197368
28 Information Technology/Semiconductors Marvell Technology, Inc. 11.07 204400
29 Information Technology/Internet Services & Infrastructure Shopify, Inc., Cl A 11.06 202500
30 Information Technology/Application Software Gitlab, Inc., Cl A 10.35 228800
31 Information Technology/Systems Software Cloudflare, Inc., Cl A 10.3 163300
32 Information Technology/Application Software Hubspot, Inc. 10.3 20900
33 Communication Services/Interactive Media & Services Zoominfo Technologies, Inc. 10.13 617369
34 Information Technology/Systems Software Snowflake, Inc., Cl A 10.09 66008
35 Communication Services/Movies & Entertainment Tko Group Holdings, Inc. (Formerly, World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.) 10.05 119500
36 Information Technology/Systems Software Datadog, Inc., Cl A 10.02 110000
37 Real Estate/Data Center Reits Equinix, Inc. 9.76 13425
38 Health Care/Health Care Equipment Shockwave Medical, Inc. 9.64 48400
39 Health Care/Life Sciences Tools & Services Illumina, Inc. 9.38 68315
40 Health Care/Health Care Equipment Dexcom, Inc. 8.66 92800
41 Short Term Investments Repurchase Agreement With Fixed Income Clearing Corp., Dated 9/29/2023, 4.85% Due 10/2/2023; Proceeds At Maturity $7,994,363; (Fully Collateralized By $8,983,600 U.S. Treasury Note, 0.75% Due 3/31/2026 Market Value $8,151,029) 8.0 7991133
42 Consumer Discretionary/Automotive Parts & Equipment Mobileye Global, Inc., Cl A 7.99 192200
43 Industrials/Aerospace & Defense Space Exploration Technologies Corp., Cl A 7.87 105020
44 Industrials/Passenger Ground Transportation Gm Cruise Holdings Llc, Cl G 6.07 266956
45 Information Technology/Systems Software Dynatrace, Inc. 5.73 122600
46 Health Care/Biotechnology Legend Biotech Corp., Adr 5.21 77500
47 Health Care/Biotechnology Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 3.97 147561
48 Communication Services/Interactive Media & Services X Holdings I, Inc., Cl A 3.71 50000
49 Industrials/Aerospace & Defense Space Exploration Technologies Corp., Cl C 2.39 31890
50 Materials/Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Farmers Business Network, Inc. Units 2.09 615761
51 Materials/Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Farmers Business Network, Inc., Series F 0.69 37254
52 Materials/Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals Farmers Business Network, Inc. 0.34 182067
53 Industrials/Passenger Ground Transportation Gm Cruise Holdings Llc, Cl B 0.08 3571

a Shown in U.S. dollar unless otherwise specified
Show up to 1000 records ordered descendingly by investment value
Data parsed from Form N-Q / N-CSR and corresponding amendments, and should be used for reference only. For more details please check original filing








Screener Results


Found 500 record(s) matching the screening criteria. Show up to 50 records. Use CSV download to download up to 500 records (Tier 1 or above)

Symbol Issuer Series Net Assets(Mil) Annual Return(%) Annual Return(%)(SD) PTR(%) PTR(%)(SD) EOA(%) Avg Return (1Yr) Avg Return (5Yrs) Avg Return (10Yrs)
MSSGX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND INC INCEPTION PORTFOLIO 863.3 150.6 49.6 99.0 27.9 1.4 21.9 10.0 6.5
MMCGX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND TRUST DISCOVERY PORTFOLIO 756.4 142.7 53.5 51.0 29.6 0.7 46.8 10.0 7.7
MACGX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND TRUST DISCOVERY PORTFOLIO 756.4 141.9 45.5 51.0 29.6 1.0 38.6 8.4 6.7
MSKLX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND TRUST MID CAP GROWTH PORTFOLIO 756.4 140.6 53.1 51.0 29.6 1.6 45.6 9.0 6.7
BFGIX BARON SELECT FUNDS BARON FOCUSED GROWTH FUND 1335.7 122.8 44.4 22.3 14.6 1.1 -28.0 20.9 15.4
CPODX MORGAN STANLEY INSIGHT FUND MORGAN STANLEY INSIGHT FUND 7462.4 116.6 37.1 37.0 21.2 0.9 -61.2 3.3 11.1
MSEQX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND INC GROWTH PORTFOLIO 11576.0 115.6 35.7 87.0 17.7 0.6 43.8 20.1 10.8
MSEGX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND INC GROWTH PORTFOLIO 11576.0 115.1 40.7 87.0 17.7 0.8 35.9 18.5 9.9
CPOCX MORGAN STANLEY INSIGHT FUND MORGAN STANLEY INSIGHT FUND 7462.4 115.0 41.2 37.0 21.2 1.6 -61.5 2.5 10.3
DFDIX DELAWARE GROUP EQUITY FUNDS IV DELAWARE MID CAP GROWTH EQUITY FUND 2269.1 94.4 34.8 81.0 50.9 0.9 35.7 13.7 16.2
DFRIX DELAWARE GROUP EQUITY FUNDS IV DELAWARE MID CAP GROWTH EQUITY FUND 2269.1 93.4 34.7 81.0 50.9 1.4 35.0 13.1 15.6
DEEVX DELAWARE GROUP EQUITY FUNDS IV DELAWARE MID CAP GROWTH EQUITY FUND 2269.1 92.5 34.5 81.0 50.9 1.9 33.4 12.5 15.0
BIOUX BARON INVESTMENT FUNDS TRUST (F/K/A BARON ASSET FUND) BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND 999.4 89.3 34.3 23.3 7.1 1.1 50.0 20.7 14.1
BIOIX BARON INVESTMENT FUNDS TRUST (F/K/A BARON ASSET FUND) BARON OPPORTUNITY FUND 999.4 89.3 34.2 23.3 7.1 1.1 50.0 20.7 14.1
BGSIX BLACKROCK FUNDS BLACKROCK TECHNOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES FUND 3246.8 86.7 29.9 39.0 26.5 1.0 2.2 15.1 18.0
PXE INVESCO EXCHANGE-TRADED FUND TRUST INVESCO ENERGY EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION ETF 168.7 82.3 34.6 73.0 24.4 1.0 -36.7 -11.3 -5.4
BGLUX BARON SELECT FUNDS BARON GLOBAL ADVANTAGE FUND 685.8 79.5 35.0 11.5 32.6 1.0 -51.5 4.2 9.4
BGAIX BARON SELECT FUNDS BARON GLOBAL ADVANTAGE FUND 685.8 79.5 33.1 11.5 32.6 0.9 -51.5 4.2 9.4
LGLFX LORD ABBETT SECURITIES TRUST LORD ABBETT GROWTH LEADERS FUND 4817.0 77.4 27.9 120.0 194.9 0.8 33.3 16.4 12.7
LGLCX LORD ABBETT SECURITIES TRUST LORD ABBETT GROWTH LEADERS FUND 4817.0 75.7 27.6 120.0 194.9 1.7 30.9 15.2 11.6
MAPLX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND INC ADVANTAGE PORTFOLIO 638.9 74.7 25.5 70.0 18.5 1.8 -54.5 -0.1 8.3
JMIGX JACOB FUNDS INC. JACOB DISCOVERY FUND 22.3 74.4 31.6 16.0 24.4 2.3 4.4 11.7 6.8
MAPPX MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND INC ADVANTAGE PORTFOLIO 638.9 74.3 25.5 70.0 18.5 1.2 -57.0 -1.4 7.5
PXI INVESCO EXCHANGE-TRADED FUND TRUST INVESCO DORSEY WRIGHT ENERGY MOMENTUM ETF 113.9 74.2 34.1 196.0 43.0 0.9 -35.8 -10.7 -5.9
PSCE INVESCO EXCHANGE-TRADED FUND TRUST II INVESCO S&P SMALLCAP ENERGY ETF 225.1 73.4 41.9 26.0 14.7 0.3 -40.0 -21.8 -18.0
ATCIX MANAGED PORTFOLIO SERIES ATAC ROTATION FUND 57.7 72.9 29.7 2259.0 226.2 1.8 -25.5 2.0 4.9
LADFX LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND, INC. LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND INC 2396.1 72.8 28.4 128.0 52.0 0.8 5.2 4.7 15.9
NESIX NEEDHAM FUNDS INC NEEDHAM SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 166.3 72.5 32.8 109.0 28.1 1.7 -29.7 14.9 7.9
PDEAX PRUDENTIAL WORLD FUND, INC. PGIM JENNISON EMERGING MARKETS EQUITY OPPORTUNITIES FUND 524.2 72.4 34.7 103.0 37.0 1.6 -44.9 0.0 2.0
FEAAX FIDELITY ADVISOR SERIES VIII FIDELITY ADVISOR EMERGING ASIA FUND 538.3 72.3 28.0 69.0 23.6 1.2 -19.8 3.9 10.2
LADRX LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND, INC. LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND INC 2396.1 72.1 28.3 128.0 52.0 1.2 4.8 4.3 15.4
LADCX LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND, INC. LORD ABBETT DEVELOPING GROWTH FUND INC 2396.1 71.3 28.2 128.0 52.0 1.7 -37.1 7.4 10.0
SSETX BNY MELLON INVESTMENT FUNDS I BNY MELLON SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 17.2 71.3 24.8 90.1 35.8 3.5 34.5 12.5 13.7
SSYGX BNY MELLON INVESTMENT FUNDS I BNY MELLON SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 17.2 71.2 26.5 90.1 35.8 1.8 34.7 12.5 17.2
FERCX FIDELITY ADVISOR SERIES VIII FIDELITY ADVISOR EMERGING ASIA FUND 538.3 71.0 31.3 69.0 23.6 2.0 -16.4 4.3 10.1
UNWPX US GLOBAL INVESTORS FUNDS WORLD PRECIOUS MINERALS FUND 75.8 70.6 42.8 20.0 33.8 1.6 22.6 3.5 -8.2
DTEYX BNY MELLON ADVANTAGE FUNDS, INC. BNY MELLON TECHNOLOGY GROWTH FUND 371.5 70.3 26.2 54.8 11.7 1.0 -1.1 11.0 17.1
CHHRX COLUMBIA FUNDS SERIES TRUST I COLUMBIA SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 1771.6 70.2 27.3 118.0 40.5 1.0 -36.5 7.7 11.3
CMSCX COLUMBIA FUNDS SERIES TRUST I COLUMBIA SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 1771.6 70.2 24.9 118.0 40.5 1.0 -36.5 7.7 11.3
DGVRX BNY MELLON ADVANTAGE FUNDS, INC. BNY MELLON TECHNOLOGY GROWTH FUND 371.5 70.1 26.1 54.8 11.7 1.0 -1.2 10.9 17.1
CFSIX TOUCHSTONE FUNDS GROUP TRUST TOUCHSTONE SANDS CAPITAL SELECT GROWTH FUND 2267.2 69.6 27.0 27.0 9.0 0.9 52.1 12.1 9.5
CCRIX COLUMBIA FUNDS SERIES TRUST I COLUMBIA SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 1771.6 69.4 27.1 118.0 40.5 1.5 -36.9 7.2 10.7
TSNAX TOUCHSTONE FUNDS GROUP TRUST TOUCHSTONE SANDS CAPITAL SELECT GROWTH FUND 2267.2 69.2 27.0 27.0 9.0 1.2 44.1 10.7 8.6
FAGAX FIDELITY ADVISOR SERIES I FIDELITY ADVISOR GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES FUND 25525.7 68.6 21.7 37.0 17.0 0.7 32.2 16.3 17.2
DBMYX BNY MELLON INVESTMENT FUNDS I BNY MELLON SMALL/MID CAP GROWTH FUND 2202.9 68.6 26.0 36.0 48.9 0.6 39.3 13.6 15.1
CGOCX COLUMBIA FUNDS SERIES TRUST I COLUMBIA SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND 1771.6 68.5 27.0 118.0 40.5 2.0 -37.8 6.6 10.2
DTGCX BNY MELLON ADVANTAGE FUNDS, INC. BNY MELLON TECHNOLOGY GROWTH FUND 371.5 68.5 25.8 54.8 11.7 1.9 -2.8 9.8 15.8
DBMAX BNY MELLON INVESTMENT FUNDS I BNY MELLON SMALL/MID CAP GROWTH FUND 2202.9 68.1 22.8 36.0 48.9 1.0 30.8 11.8 14.1
TSNCX TOUCHSTONE FUNDS GROUP TRUST TOUCHSTONE SANDS CAPITAL SELECT GROWTH FUND 2267.2 68.0 26.9 27.0 9.0 2.1 49.8 11.1 8.6
RCGTX VIRTUS INVESTMENT TRUST VIRTUS ZEVENBERGEN TECHNOLOGY FUND 1368.3 67.7 24.9 55.0 44.3 2.2 67.7 27.6 18.7



Annual Return (%)

Average Return (1Yr) (%)

Average Return (5Yrs) (%)

Average Return (10Yrs) (%)

Expenses Over Assets (%)

Portfolio Turnover Rate (%)

Net Assets (Million)

Annual Return (%)(Standard Deviation)

Portfolio Turnover Rate (%)(Standard Deviation)

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Note: Quantile values are constructed by using the most recent data available for each ETF. Data from previous year/period may be used when the most recent data are not documented in our database